Religious Communities

 

Muslims: The Muslims according to the 1961 Census, number 88, 064 (m. 46, 767; f. 41,267) or about 5.8 per cent of the population. This population which has increased by about 106.2 per cent since 1901 held then nearly the same percentage to the general population. Of the total Muslim population 76,809 (m 41,047;f. 35,762) or about 87.2 per cent live in the urban area, and the remaining 11,255 (m, 5,750; f. 5,505) or about 12.8 per cent in the rural area.

The community which numbered 70,789 (m.36,804; f. 33,956) in the 1951 had a tract-wise distribution over the district as follows:-

Rural Tracts: 11,783 (m. 6,154; f.5,629); Nagpur tahsil, 3,751 (m. 1,767 : f. 1,984); Umrer tahsil, 1,387 (m. 651; f. 736); and Katol tahsil 3,231 (m. 1,924; f. 1,307)

Urban Tracts: 59,006 (m. 30,650; f. 28,356); Nagpur 42, 841 (m. 22.448; f. 20,393); district (Non-city Urban) 16.165 (m. 8,202; f. 7,963).

TABLE NO.17
GROWTH OF MUSLIM POPULATION, NAGPUR DISTRICT

Census Year
(1)

Persons
(2)

Male
(3)

Female
(4)

Mean decennial growth-rate (7)

1901

42,573

21,955

20,618

...

1911

38,432

20,047

18,385

-10.2

1921

37,391

19,957

 

17,434

-2.7

1931

53,809

29,366

24,443

+36.00

1941

66,545

35,781

30,764

+21.1

1951

70,789

36,804

33,985

+6.2

1961

88,064

46,797

41,267

+2.17

The Muslim in the district have come from all directions, some from Delhi and Uttar Pradesh, some from Berar and the west, but probably the greatest number form the former Hyderabad state in the south. Only a few families can date their first settlement in the district as far back as the commencement of the 18the Century when the bulk of hen came during and after the Maratha occupation. Many of them can claim descent form officers in the old Bhosle and English armies, and some, though illegitimate, children from the old rajas and Maratha nobility. Like the Marathas many of them have lost their ancestral property and are found struggling to keep up appearance on an attenuated pension. But those less hampered by past dignity have been more successful, some taking to trade and others acquiring landed property and managing it well.

Though generally backward in education and easily spoilt by prosperity, Muslims as a class are more united than the Hindus. The better educated among them extend their efforts to improve the condition of their community even to the very poorest. A number of them are employed in the police and the army. And in the subordinate ranks of government service. The community includes a number of artisan castes. Principally Momins and Julahas who are weavers and Bhnias and Pinjaris who are cotton cleaners. The Momins belong chiefly to Kamptee and weave cloth on hand-loom and power loom. The Pinjaris have generally found their occupation gone with the establishment of ginning factories, and have taken to cultivation and petty trade. Others are kaceras, glass bangle-makers; Kunjaras, green grocers; Kasais, Butchers; and the Rangaris, a caste of dyers who once used to dye with safflower. The Bohara and khoja merchants who are also of the Sia sect and the Cutchis or Memans from Gujarat, who are also traders, are foreigners to the district. Many of them do not bring their wives with them, though by now they have begun to settle here. These Muslim groups are known as converts form Hinduism and are therefore, looked down upon by the proper or respectable Muslim groups are known as converts from Hinduism and are therefore, looked down upon by the proper or respectable Muslims such as Saikh. Sayyad, Moghal and pathan all of whom claim a foreign strain.

The term Sayyed properly means descendant of Ali the son-in-law, and the Lady fatinmah, the daughter of the prophet. They use the title Sayyad or Mir before, and sometimes Sah after their name, while women employ that of Begum. The title Saikh properly belongs only to the three branches of the Qurais tribe or that of Muhammad : the Diddikis, the Faruk and the Abbasis. Both these titles, however, and especially saikh, are now arrogated by large number of persons who cannot have any pretence to the above descent. The term Saitkh means properly an elder, and is freely taken by persons of respectable position. Saikhs commonly use either Saikh or Muhammad as their first names. The Pathans were originally the descendants of Afghan immigrants. The men add khan to their names and the women Khatun or Khatu. Moghal use the title Mirza before their names, and add beg after them : the 2omen add the designation Khatun after their names. Formerly the Sayyad constituted the superior class of Muslim gentry, and never touched a plough themselves, like the Hindu Brahmans and Rajputs. The four divisions are not like the Hindu castes as they are not endogamous. Nor is there any distinction of occupation between them, the men following any occupation indifferently. In fact, the divisions are now little more than titular. 


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